For reference, an excerpt of the official documentation of salesforce:
ID Field Type
With rare exceptions, all objects in the API have a field of type ID that is named Id and contains a unique identifier for each record in the object. It is analogous to a primary key in relational databases...
ID fields in the Salesforce.com user interface contain 15-character, base-62, case-sensitive strings. Each of the 15 characters can be a numeric digit (0-9), a lowercase letter (a-z), or an uppercase letter (A-Z). Two unique IDs may only be different by a change in case.
With the aim of understanding why the ID returned by the API contain more than 15 characters did a little research and found the following:
Because there are applications like Access which do not recognize that 50130000000014c is a different ID from 50130000000014C, an 18-digit, case-safe version of the ID is returned by all API calls. The 18 character IDs have been formed by adding a suffix to each ID in the Force.com API. 18-character IDs can be safely compared for uniqueness by case-insensitive applications, and can be used in all API calls when creating, editing, or deleting data.
If you need to convert the 18-character ID to a 15-character version, truncate the last three characters. Salesforce.com recommends that you use the 18-character ID.
Conclusion.
So in essence, to prevent problems for those situations when case sensitive differences are not detected the API is returning 18-digits case-safe version of the ID.
Hope this is useful to any of you.
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